In India, the President is the head of the state and holds a ceremonial position, with limited executive powers. The President of India is elected by an Electoral College consisting of Members of Parliament and Members of Legislative Assemblies of States. The President holds office for a term of five years, and can be re-elected for a maximum of two terms.
The President performs several functions, including:
1. Appointing the Prime Minister and other ministers, as advised by the Prime Minister.
2. Dissolving the Lok Sabha, the Lower House of Parliament, and calling for fresh elections.
3. Summoning and proroguing the sessions of Parliament.
4. Promulgating ordinances when Parliament is not in session.
5. Making appointments to various constitutional and statutory bodies, including judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, and the Chief Election Commissioner.
6. Conferring awards and honours, including Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri.
The President also has the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites, or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence. However, the President cannot pardon a person sentenced to death or a person impeached by Parliament.
The President is assisted by various officers, including the Vice President, the Prime Minister, and the Council of Ministers.
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